According to data released by the Supreme People's Court, in the first half of 2025, China's courts accepted a total of 21.092 million cases of various types, including 767,000 criminal cases, 13.829 million civil and commercial cases, 381,000 administrative cases, and 5.608 million enforcement cases. The overall quality and efficiency of trials continued to improve, with the appeal rate dropping by 1.68% and the retrial rate decreasing by 0.37%. By the end of June, the number of cases pending for more than one year had decreased by 13.18%, further consolidating and deepening the effectiveness of the conclusion for long-pending litigation cases.
The courts have vigorously promoted diversified dispute resolution, with 2.316 million cases mediated first, 1.493 million successfully resolved, and 400,000 disputes mediated. The self-mediation rate increased by 10.3 times year-on-year, and the satisfaction rate of the parties with the court's case filing reached 90.07%.
529,000 criminal cases of first instance were accepted, and the Supreme People's Court released 5 typical criminal cases to promote the development of the private economy, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of private enterprises equally in accordance with the law.
The number of cases in the civil and commercial field has seen rapid growth, with 12.372 million first-instance cases accepted, marking a year-on-year increase of 38.87%. Among these, 307,000 first-instance civil cases involving intellectual property rights were accepted, up by 36.15% year on year. 801 first-instance cases concerning new plant varieties were accepted, up by 84.14% year on year. And 20,000 first-instance cases involving foreign-related civil and commercial matters were accepted, marking a year-on-year increase of 52%.
175,000 administrative cases of first instance were accepted, marking a year-on-year increase of 19.67%. Additionally, 106,000 applications for the enforcement review of non-litigious administrative actions were accepted, representing a year-on-year increase of 24.88%.
5.312 million initial enforcement cases were accepted, marking a year-on-year increase of 13.62%. The completion rate and satisfaction rate of enforcement stood at 41.96% and 54.38% respectively, maintaining a high level of performance. The number of newly added individuals on the dishonesty list decreased for five consecutive quarters, with 1.1158 million individuals undergoing credit restoration.
In the first half of 2025, the overall trial efficiency and judicial guarantee functions continued to be enhanced, providing strong support for high-quality economic and social development.